域名預(yù)訂/競價(jià)，好“米”不錯(cuò)過

這篇文章主要介紹了利用git提交代碼的方法步驟，文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細(xì)，對大家的學(xué)習(xí)或者工作具有一定的參考學(xué)習(xí)價(jià)值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧。

一、首先需要下載git

查看電腦是否安裝git,打開終端，輸入git,回車如果輸出如下,則代表已安裝了git

如果未安裝,則會(huì)輸出:

按照提示輸入:sudo apt-get install git即可安裝!!或者到此處下載:git下載,pkg包下載完成，雙擊安裝。

輸入命令:git --version 可查看當(dāng)前git版本

二.安裝后需要一些配置

配置用戶名和郵箱:

$ git config --global user.name "Your Name"
$ git config --global user.email "email@example.com"

使用 --global 修飾后設(shè)置的全局的用戶,如果設(shè)置單個(gè)項(xiàng)目的用戶,可cd到項(xiàng)目根目錄下,執(zhí)行如下命令:

$ git config user.name "Your Name"
$ git config user.email "email@example.com"

使用命令:git config --list 可查看當(dāng)前用戶信息以及其他的一些信息

$ git config --list
core.excludesfile=/Users/mac/.gitignore_global
difftool.sourcetree.cmd=opendiff "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
difftool.sourcetree.path=
mergetool.sourcetree.cmd=/Applications/SourceTree.app/Contents/Resources/opendiff-w.sh "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -ancestor "$BASE" -merge "$MERGED"
mergetool.sourcetree.trustexitcode=true
http.postbuffer=524288000
https.postbuffer=524288000
user.email=你的郵箱@qq.com
user.name=你的用戶名
macdeMacBook-Pro:~ Artron_LQQ$

三.建立本地git倉庫

1. cd到你的項(xiàng)目目錄

$ cd /Users/cjk/Desktop/myShop

2. 然后,輸入git命令:

$ git init 

輸出如下:

$ git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/cjk/Desktop/GitTest/.git/

創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)空的本地倉庫.

3.將項(xiàng)目的所有文件添加到緩存中:

$ git add . 

git add . (注意,后面有個(gè)點(diǎn))表示添加目錄下所有文件到緩存庫,如果只添加某個(gè)文件,只需把 . 換成你要添加的文件名即可;

4.將緩存中的文件Commit到git庫

git commit -m "添加你的注釋,一般是一些更改信息"

下面是第一次提交時(shí)的輸出:

$ git commit -m "添加項(xiàng)目"
[master (root-commit) 3102a38] 添加項(xiàng)目
18 files changed, 1085 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/contents.xcworkspacedata
create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/UserInterfaceState.xcuserstate
create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/xcschemes/GitTest.xcscheme
create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/xcschemes/xcschememanagement.plist
create mode 100644 GitTest/AppDelegate.h
create mode 100644 GitTest/AppDelegate.m
create mode 100644 GitTest/Assets.xcassets/AppIcon.appiconset/Contents.json
create mode 100644 GitTest/Base.lproj/LaunchScreen.storyboard
create mode 100644 GitTest/Base.lproj/Main.storyboard
create mode 100644 GitTest/Info.plist
create mode 100644 GitTest/ViewController.h
create mode 100644 GitTest/ViewController.m
create mode 100644 GitTest/main.m
create mode 100644 GitTestTests/GitTestTests.m
create mode 100644 GitTestTests/Info.plist
create mode 100644 GitTestUITests/GitTestUITests.m
create mode 100644 GitTestUITests/Info.plist

或者不添加注釋 git commit ,但是這樣會(huì)進(jìn)入vim(vi)編輯器

# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
# modified: LQQCircleShowImage.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
# modified: LQQCircleShowImage/TableViewCell.m
#
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"~/Desktop/LQQCircleShowImage/.git/COMMIT_EDITMSG" 8L, 292C

在這里可以輸入更改信息,也可以不輸入,然后 按住 shift + : ,輸入wq 即可保存信息并退出vim編輯器;

四,建立遠(yuǎn)程庫

在一些代碼托管平臺(tái)創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目,例如github或者開源中國社區(qū),這里已開源中國社區(qū)為例;

創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目后,會(huì)生成一個(gè)HTTPS鏈接,如下:

https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest.git

五,將本地的庫鏈接到遠(yuǎn)

終端中輸入: git remote add originHTTPS鏈接

$ git remote add origin https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest.git 

六.上傳代碼到遠(yuǎn)程庫,上傳之前最好先Pull一下,再執(zhí)行命令: git pull origin master

輸出:

$ git pull origin master
warning: no common commits
remote: Counting objects: 3, done.
remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done.
From https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest
* branch master -> FETCH_HEAD
* [new branch] master -> origin/master
Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
README.md | 1 +
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
create mode 100644 README.md

即pull成功,

七.接著執(zhí)行:git push origin master

完成后輸出:

$ git push origin master
Counting objects: 34, done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (29/29), done.
Writing objects: 100% (34/34), 15.63 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.
Total 34 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)
To https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest.git
5e2dda1..537ecfe master -> master

即將代碼成功提交到遠(yuǎn)程庫!!!

注：如果pull之后出現(xiàn) “ refusing to merge unrelated histories ”這句，就證明你合并pull兩個(gè)不同的項(xiàng)目

出現(xiàn)的問題如何去解決fatal: refusing to merge unrelated histories

我在Github新建一個(gè)倉庫，寫了License，然后把本地一個(gè)寫了很久倉庫上傳。

先pull，因?yàn)閮蓚€(gè)倉庫不同，發(fā)現(xiàn)refusing to merge unrelated histories，無法pull

因?yàn)樗麄兪莾蓚€(gè)不同的項(xiàng)目，要把兩個(gè)不同的項(xiàng)目合并，git需要添加一句代碼，在git pull，這句代碼是在git 2.9.2版本發(fā)生的，最新的版本需要添加--allow-unrelated-histories

假如我們的源是origin，分支是master，那么我們 需要這樣寫git pull origin master --allow-unrelated-histories需要知道，我們的源可以是本地的路徑

接著到你的遠(yuǎn)程庫查看,提交前:

提交成功后：

注意:操作的時(shí)候,指令不要輸錯(cuò)了!!!!

下面這個(gè)是輸錯(cuò)了 orgin的輸出:

git pull orgin master
fatal: 'orgin' does not appear to be a git repository
fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

Please make sure you have the correct access rights
and the repository exists.

正確的應(yīng)該是origin!!

如果在push的時(shí)候有如下輸出:

$ git push -u origin master
To https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/LQQCircleShowImage.git
! [rejected] master -> master (fetch first)
error: failed to push some refs to 'https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/LQQCircleShowImage.git'
hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do
hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing
hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes
hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again.
hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

看提示可知道,需要先pull一下,即執(zhí)行一次:git pull origin master

然后再執(zhí)行:git push origin master

分支管理

新建分支

$ git branch newbranch

查看分支

$ git branch

輸出:

* master
newbranch

*代表當(dāng)前所在的分支

切換分支

$ git checkout new branch

輸出

Switched to branch 'newbranch'

切換后可用git branch查看是否切換到當(dāng)前分支

master
* newbranch

提交改動(dòng)到當(dāng)前分支

$ git add .
$ git commit -a

可使用git status查看提交狀態(tài)

接著切回主分支

$ git checkout master

輸出:

Switched to branch 'master'

將新分支提交的改動(dòng)合并到主分支上

$ git merge newbranch

輸出:

Updating cc73a48..93a1347

Fast-forward

GitTest.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj | 9 +++++++++

.../UserInterfaceState.xcuserstate | Bin 0 -> 7518 bytes

GitTest/test.h | 13 +++++++++++++

GitTest/test.m | 13 +++++++++++++

4 files changed, 35 insertions(+)

create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/UserInterfaceState.xcuserstate

create mode 100644 GitTest/test.h

create mode 100644 GitTest/test.m

這里我提交了兩個(gè)文件,即:test.h和test.m

如果合并后產(chǎn)生沖突,可輸入以下指令查看沖突:

$ git diff

修改之后,再次提交即可;

接下來,就可以push代碼了:

$ git push -u origin master

這時(shí)可能需要你輸入你的github用戶名和密碼,按照提示輸入即可;

刪除分支

$ git branch -D newbranch

輸出

Deleted branch newbranch (was 93a1347).

以上就是最簡單的github操作了，也是在網(wǎng)上看著學(xué)的，注意在實(shí)際操作中多加練習(xí)，代碼這東西，剛開始橋的多了也就記下了!

到此這篇關(guān)于利用git提交代碼的方法步驟的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關(guān)git 提交代碼內(nèi)容請搜索腳本之家以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章希望大家以后多多支持腳本之家!

文章轉(zhuǎn)自腳本之家，原文鏈接：https://www.jb51.net/article/193198.htm

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